Can Havdalah be performed without spices and a candle?

This source-based Torah study examines the question: Can Havdalah be performed without spices and a candle? The canonical Hebrew discussion develops the issue through the weekly Torah portion and the sources cited there, preserving the distinctions, tensions, and practical implications of the original text. This localized discovery layer does not add any new halakhic, medical, legal, scientific, historical, theological, or empirical ruling or claim beyond the canonical Hebrew source.