Can Havdalah be recited without spices and without a candle?

This source-based Torah study examines the question: Can Havdalah be recited without spices and without a candle? The canonical Hebrew article develops the issue through the weekly Torah portion and the sources cited there. This localized discovery layer preserves the question and the source identity; it does not add any new halakhic, medical, legal, scientific, historical, theological, or empirical ruling or claim beyond the canonical Hebrew source.